שאלות Reading Comprehension לפסיכומטרי עם קטעים ופתרונות מלאים

Coral reefs, often called the rainforests of the sea, cover less than one percent of the ocean floor yet support roughly a quarter of all marine species. This remarkable diversity depends on a fragile partnership between coral polyps and microscopic algae called zooxanthellae, which live within the coral's tissue and supply it with the majority of its energy through photosynthesis. In exchange, the coral provides the algae with a protected habitat and access to sunlight near the surface. When ocean temperatures rise even slightly above normal, this partnership breaks down: the coral expels the algae, loses its color, and is left vulnerable to disease and starvation, a process known as bleaching. A bleached reef is not necessarily dead, but it has lost its primary energy source, and if warm conditions persist for weeks, large-scale die-offs often follow. Scientists now track sea-surface temperature anomalies as an early warning system for the reefs most at risk.

What is the main idea of the passage?

1. A. Coral reefs are the largest ecosystem in the ocean overall.
2. B. The extraordinary biodiversity of coral reefs depends on a heat-sensitive partnership between coral and algae.
3. C. Zooxanthellae are more important to marine life than coral itself.
4. D. Ocean warming affects only a small fraction of coral species.

It can be inferred from the passage that:

1. A. coral bleaching is always fatal within a few days.
2. B. a bleached reef may still recover if warm conditions do not persist for long.
3. C. zooxanthellae can survive indefinitely without a coral host.
4. D. coral reefs cover most of the ocean floor.

According to the passage, coral polyps receive from zooxanthellae mainly:

1. A. protection from predators.
2. B. most of their energy, through photosynthesis.
3. C. a source of sunlight.
4. D. resistance to disease.

In the sentence "the coral expels the algae," the word "expels" most nearly means:

1. A. absorbs.
2. B. attracts.
3. C. forces out.
4. D. protects.

The author's tone in describing coral bleaching can best be described as:

1. A. alarmist and exaggerated.
2. B. informative and measured.
3. C. dismissive of the problem.
4. D. nostalgic.

What is the function of the last sentence of the passage?

1. A. It contradicts the passage's main claim.
2. B. It introduces a scientific response to the problem described earlier.
3. C. It provides a historical example of a past bleaching event.
4. D. It summarizes the biology of zooxanthellae.

When large numbers of employees began working from home in the early 2020s, many urban planners expected a permanent decline in commuter traffic. A decade later, the picture is more complicated. Public transit ridership in city centers has indeed remained below pre-pandemic levels, particularly during the traditional Monday and Friday rush hours, since many companies now allow employees to work remotely on those days. Yet overall road traffic has not fallen nearly as much as transit ridership; some economists argue that former transit commuters simply shifted to occasional car trips, while other former urban residents relocated to suburbs and now drive longer distances on the days they do commute. The result is a labor market that looks more flexible on paper but has not necessarily reduced the total number of miles traveled, or transformed cities the way early forecasts of a work-from-home revolution once promised.

What is the main point of the passage?

1. A. Remote work has completely eliminated commuting.
2. B. Predictions that remote work would sharply reduce overall travel have not fully materialized.
3. C. Public transit ridership has fully recovered to pre-pandemic levels.
4. D. Suburban relocation has decreased road traffic significantly.

It can be inferred from the passage that:

1. A. most employees now work from home every single day.
2. B. the shift to remote work changed commuting patterns without necessarily reducing total travel distance.
3. C. economists agree unanimously about the causes of the traffic changes.
4. D. suburban residents no longer need to commute at all.

According to the passage, transit ridership has remained particularly low:

1. A. throughout the entire week, equally.
2. B. mainly during evening hours.
3. C. especially on Mondays and Fridays.
4. D. only in suburban areas.

In the sentence "early forecasts... have not fully materialized," the word "materialized" most nearly means:

1. A. disappeared completely.
2. B. become real, happened.
3. C. were criticized publicly.
4. D. were postponed indefinitely.

The author's attitude toward early forecasts of a "work-from-home revolution" is best described as:

1. A. enthusiastically supportive.
2. B. mildly skeptical, noting that reality turned out more complicated.
3. C. angrily dismissive of urban planners.
4. D. completely neutral, with no opinion implied at all.

Why does the author mention that "some economists argue" former commuters shifted to occasional car trips?

1. A. To prove that public transit is now obsolete.
2. B. To offer one possible explanation for why road traffic did not fall as much as transit ridership did.
3. C. To criticize economists for disagreeing with each other.
4. D. To argue that cities should ban private cars.